ARVUS (GUARANTOR FOR MITZVOS) BY WOMEN
SEIF 2 (Cont.) The Dagal Mervava says that if a woman already Davened Maariv, she cannot be Moizie a male in Kiddush that didn't Daven. Since she was already Yoitze the Mitzva from the Torah she no longer has the Mitzva. So by men, even if they were already Yoitze, they may Moitzie others. This is because of the principle of Arvus (being guarantors for other people's Mitzvos.) Since he needs to make sure that the other person does his Mitzva, it's as if he's obligated, and therefore can be Moitzie that person. The Rosh says that women never accepted on themselves Arvus for other people's Mitzvos. Therefore, only while they fulfill their own obligation they can be Moitzie others. After they fulfilled their Mitzva, they're no longer obligated in that Mitzva and cannot be Moitzie others.
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WOMEN THAT DAVENED
SEIF 2 (Cont.) The Dagal Mervava says that if a woman Davened, and according to the Magen Avraham was already Yoitze the Mitzva of Kiddush from the Torah, she may hear Kiddush from a Katon that did not Daven. Since they are both obligated only in a Dirabanan (the obligation of the woman to say over wine and the obligation of the child of Chinuch age on the Mitzva from the Torah to say Kiddush), a Dirabanan can be Moitzie another Dirabanan.
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WOMAN BEING YOITZE FROM A BAR MITZVA BACHUR
SEIF 2 (Cont) The Magen Avraham says that since women are obligated in Kiddush from the Torah, a Katon cannot be Moitzie them. Even a Bar Mitzvah Bachur cannot be Moitzie them. There is an assumption that when someone turns Bar Mitzva, there are two pubic hairs rendering the Bar Mitzvah a Gadol. This assumption can only be relied on concerning Mitzvos DiRabanan. For Mitzvos from the Torah we may not rely on such a Bachur until his beard fills in.
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